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3D-manufacturing process claims:Fail Fast, Fail Cheap

Introduction: In the past decade, the ability to 3D-print buildings has become one of the latest, though controversial, technological advancements in the construction industry.  What was once used to manufacture small objects, figurines and vehicle prototypes is now being used to construct affordable and emergency housing in developing countries. At around $10000, you can make your own 3D-printed houses which proves to be affordable and safe. Before using this method for 3D printing, some points are to be considered:  In particular, heating ABS ( Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ) at a temperature typical for 3D- printing results in high VOC ( Volatile Organic Compound ) emissions. Particle concentration of ABS was 33-38 times higher than PLA ( Poly Lactic Acid ) material. Hazardous vapors and gases are emitted during the printing process. Thermoplastics being used like ABS and PLA release UFP ( Ultra Fine Particles ) and VOCs that cause eye, nose, throat irritation, n

Brief about Grade Of Concrete

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What is Grade of Concrete? Grade of concrete denotes its strength required for construction. For example, M30 grade signifies that compressive strength required for construction is 30MPa. The first letter in grade “M” is the mix and 30 is the required strength in MPa. Based on various lab tests, grade of concrete is presented in Mix Proportions. For example, for M30 grade, the mix proportion can be 1:1:2, where 1 is the ratio of cement, 1 is the ratio of sand and 2 is the ratio of coarse aggregate based on volume or weight of materials. The strength is measured with concrete cube or cylinders by civil engineers at construction site. Cube or cylinders are made during casting of structural member and after hardening it is cured for 28 days. Then compressive strength test is conducted to find the strength. Regular grades of concrete are M15, M20, M25 etc. For plain cement concrete works, generally M15 is used. For reinforced concrete construction minimum M20 grade of concrete